“Astrobiology,”
the word itself conjures images of analyzing aliens on some red-skied
moon orbiting a gas giant. However, in the 21st
century, astrobiology does
not meet these sci-fi
visions. In order to
realize these dreams,
what question must a 21st
century astrobiologist focus
on? NASA defines
Astrobiology as, “the
study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in
the universe.” If
the ultimate end goal of Astrobiology is to answer each of the
definition’s four parts, then the
most important
question would be
identifying the
origin of life on Earth.
Identifying
the origin of life would help pave the way to studying all
of the other aspects of astrobiology.
As
humans, our species is ~3.5 billion years removed from the first life
form, yet we still share some of its genetic material. Over those
eons of time, our species slowly evolved into the beings we are
today: beings that can contemplate where we first came from.
Evolution is the change of a species’ characteristics over
generations, giving rise to a diversity of species as they adapt to
their environment. The entire biosphere of this planet evolved out
of a single form of life. By discovering the origin of life, we can
trace the course of evolution from its first step.
Our
species peers out into the depths of space looking for the answer to
the question, Are we alone?
Understanding the origin of
life on Earth
is also understanding
how life could form
elsewhere in universe. Once
we understand how life originated on
Earth, we can then use that
information to look for life
on other worlds where
conditions are similar. Right now, the
search for life on other planets
casts
a wide net in hope of finding galactic
neighbors, but
answering the question of
where we came from will help us to at least throw that net in a more
likely location.
Finally,
the future of life in the
universe begins with humanity coming
to terms with how amazing life is, because if we do not appreciate
it, then we have no hope of seeing the future. Astrobiology has a
unique opportunity, a chance to
provide
the human race the key to the
origin of all life on Earth.
Realizing the origin of
life through astrobiology can
tell us where we all came from, the history of all life that led to
us, and how special we are in
the universe. All
we need to do to obtain that key to
life is to find the origin of
life, and with it, hopefully humanity will be part of the future of
life in the universe.